justicia comunitaria

Adat: customary laws in Indonesia

Aksakal: elders with customary authority in Kyrgyzstan

Barangay: non-state justice mechanisms in parts of the Philippines

Bii: customary legal authorities in parts of pre-Soviet Central Asia

Bulubulu: ritual apology and recompense in Fiji

Casa de Justicia: legal service centres in Colombia

Dhimmi: non-Muslim minorities or majorities who, provided they paid a tax to the Muslim state or ruler and accepted certain legal disabilities, were granted state protection and permitted to continue to practice their religion and to be governed by separate personal laws

Dina: customary dispute and conflict resolution mechanism body in Madagascar

Diya: blood money and retribution payments derived from

interpretations of Shari’ah

Get: a written consent to being divorced, required for the

validity of a divorce in Halachic Jewish law which

prohibits divorce against the will of the spouse

Jirga or shura: tribal council in parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan

Kaikuli: a customary payment from the husband to the wife which is held in trust by the husband (Sri Lanka)

Kastom: customary law in the Solomon Islands

Kris Romani: dispute resolution mechanism

Lok: adalat a quasi-judicial, alternative dispute resolution mechanism established by act of Parliament in India

Mamzer: illegitimate Jewish child who is forbidden to marry a

Jew for ten generations

Mehr: dower

Mille: system the Ottoman Empire’s system of distinct personal laws for various religious communities

Musalihat: anjuman literally, ‘forum for problems’, an alternative dispute resolution mechanism established by law in Pakistan

Nyaya panchayats: village panchayats granted some judicial powers under 1950s legislation in India

Panchayat: customary decision-making forum in the Indian subcontinent

Rido: clan and interkin group conflicts among the Maranao and Maguindanao Muslims in the Philippines

Riwaj: customary law among the Pathan in Pakistan and Afghanistan

Rondas campesinas: neighbourhood or night watch peasant patrols with some adjudicative functions, found in some Latin American countries (especially Peru)

Shalish: informal adjudication of civil and criminal disputes by local notables in Bangladesh

Talaq: unilateral divorce initiated by a Muslim husband

Xeer Somali: customary law